Common Side Effects
These side effects occur in more than 5% of patients and are usually mild to moderate:
Headache
Frequency: ~34% of patients
Usually mild and may improve with continued use
Nausea
Frequency: ~11% of patients
Often reduces when taken with food
Nervousness
Frequency: ~7% of patients
May include anxiety or restlessness
Rhinitis
Frequency: ~7% of patients
Stuffy or runny nose
Dizziness
Frequency: ~5% of patients
Usually mild and temporary
Decreased Appetite
Frequency: ~5% of patients
May lead to weight loss if persistent
Serious Side Effects
These side effects are less common but require immediate medical attention:
🚨 Severe Skin Reactions
Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) / Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)
- Skin rash with blisters and peeling
- Sores in mouth, throat, nose, eyes, or genitals
- Fever and flu-like symptoms
- Painful red or purple skin
Stop modafinil immediately and seek emergency care
⚠️ Psychiatric Symptoms
- Depression or suicidal thoughts
- Anxiety or panic attacks
- Aggression or hostility
- Hallucinations or delusions
- Mania or hypomania
💓 Cardiovascular Effects
- Chest pain or heart palpitations
- Significant increase in blood pressure
- Irregular heart rhythm
- Shortness of breath
🤒 Allergic Reactions
- Difficulty breathing or wheezing
- Swelling of face, lips, tongue, or throat
- Hives or widespread rash
- Severe itching
Less Common Side Effects
These side effects occur in 1-5% of patients:
Gastrointestinal
- Diarrhea
- Dry mouth
- Abdominal pain
- Constipation
Neurological
- Insomnia
- Tremor
- Confusion
- Memory problems
Musculoskeletal
- Back pain
- Muscle stiffness
- Joint pain
Other
- Blurred vision
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Excessive sweating
- Taste changes
Managing Side Effects
Headache Management
- Stay well-hydrated
- Take with food
- Consider dose timing adjustment
- Consult doctor about pain relievers
Nausea Prevention
- Take modafinil with food
- Avoid large meals before dosing
- Stay hydrated
- Consider ginger supplements (with doctor approval)
Sleep Issues
- Take medication early in the day
- Maintain consistent sleep schedule
- Avoid caffeine in afternoon
- Create relaxing bedtime routine
Appetite Changes
- Eat smaller, frequent meals
- Focus on nutrient-dense foods
- Monitor weight regularly
- Discuss with healthcare provider if significant